# 及び: and; as well as

> Learn how to use 及び, a JLPT N2 Japanese grammar point meaning and; as well as, with structure, nuance, examples, mistakes, and comparisons.

JLPT level: N2 · Updated: 2026-05-06 · Canonical: https://hane-app.com/blog/n2-oyobi/

**及び** means **and; as well as**. It is a **JLPT N2** Japanese grammar pattern used to **connect nouns formally in notices, rules, and documents**.

This grammar point often appears in advanced reading, formal writing, notices, essays, and careful conversation. If you want to read Japanese with more nuance, **及び** is a useful pattern to learn because it shows the speaker's logic, stance, or emphasis.

## What does 及び mean?

Use **及び** when you want to **connect nouns formally in notices, rules, and documents**.

Natural translations include:
- and; as well as
- depending on context
- in a way that matches the speaker's emphasis

The best translation depends on the sentence. Focus first on what relationship the pattern creates between the ideas.

## How to form 及び

Noun + 及び + Noun

Examples of the pattern:
- 氏名及び住所を記入してください。
- 会議には社員及び関係者が参加します。
- 利用規約及びプライバシーポリシーをご確認ください。

In JLPT questions, pay close attention to the word immediately before the grammar point. Many wrong answers use a similar meaning but attach to the wrong form.

## When is 及び used?

Use **及び** in situations like:
- reading formal explanations, announcements, or essays
- making a point more precise than a basic grammar pattern would
- connecting two ideas with a clear nuance

Tone and register:
- usually neutral to formal, depending on the expression
- common in JLPT N2 reading passages, news, notices, and business-like writing

## 及び example sentences

- 氏名及び住所を記入してください。 — Please write your name and address.
- 会議には社員及び関係者が参加します。 — Employees and related parties will attend the meeting.
- 利用規約及びプライバシーポリシーをご確認ください。 — Please check the terms of use and privacy policy.
- 日本語及び英語で対応できます。 — We can respond in Japanese and English.
- 資料及び筆記用具を持参してください。 — Please bring materials and writing utensils.

After reading each sentence, ask what job **及び** is doing. Is it adding, excluding, warning, emphasizing, or showing a condition? That habit makes the nuance easier to remember than a single English translation.

## Nuance of 及び

The key nuance is **connect nouns formally in notices, rules, and documents**.

This matters because N2 grammar often overlaps with easier expressions. The advanced pattern usually adds formality, emphasis, restriction, or a stronger logical relationship.

For example:
- In formal writing, **及び** often sounds more precise than a casual equivalent.
- Compared with **と**, it has a different tone or scope even when the English translation looks similar.

## 及び vs と

Both **及び** and **と** can express related ideas, but they are different.

**及び**:
- fits the N2 nuance explained above
- often sounds more specific, formal, or emphatic

**と**:
- is usually broader, simpler, or used in a different register
- may be better in casual conversation depending on the sentence

Quick contrast examples:
- 氏名及び住所を記入してください。
- Try rewriting the sentence with **と** and notice whether the tone or meaning changes.

## Common mistakes with 及び

Watch out for these mistakes:
- Translating it too literally and missing the function in context
- Confusing it with **と** just because the English translation overlaps
- Using it in casual speech when a simpler pattern would sound more natural

A helpful practice method is to write one sentence with **及び**, then compare it with a related grammar point. Explain the difference in your own words.

## Is 及び on the JLPT?

Yes. **及び** is commonly taught as **JLPT N2** grammar.

That means learners should be able to:
- recognize it in reading
- understand its nuance in context
- use it in simple original sentences

For test preparation, study the grammar point in full sentences. JLPT questions usually test context, not dictionary translation alone.

## Practice questions for 及び

Try making your own sentences with these prompts:
- Write one sentence that clearly needs **及び**.
- Write a second sentence with **と** and compare the nuance.
- Find a notice, article, or dialogue where this kind of meaning would be natural.

## Learning path for 及び

To learn **及び** efficiently, follow a path that matches this pattern's real function.

1. First review the formation so the base structure feels natural.
2. Then compare **及び** with **と** and the related lessons below. These recommendations are chosen from similar semantic or structural families.
3. Finally, write your own sentence where the context makes **及び** necessary.

## Related grammar to review next

- [n4 matawa](/blog/n4-matawa/) — review this next because it is close in meaning, form, or register
- [n2 nominarazu](/blog/n2-nominarazu/) — review this next because it is close in meaning, form, or register
- [n4 shi](/blog/n4-shi/) — review this next because it is close in meaning, form, or register

## Learn 及び with Hane

If you want to review **及び** together with the related patterns above, Hane helps you connect grammar, kanji, and vocabulary in short, focused sessions.

Browse more lessons here:
- [All grammar lessons](/blog/)
- [JLPT N2 grammar lessons](/blog/n2/)