JLPT N1 6 min read Updated May 18, 2026 Grammar pattern

と相まって

together with..., more; because of the influence of..., more ~

Learn how to use と相まって, a JLPT N1 Japanese grammar point meaning together with…, more, with structure, nuance, examples, mistakes, and comparisons.

Meaning
together with..., more; because of the influence of..., more ~
Pattern
と相まって
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JLPT grammar
JLPT
N1

(あい)まって means together with…, more; because of the influence of…, more ~. It is a JLPT N1 Japanese grammar pattern used to express that two or more factors combine and produce an amplified result—often a heightened state, outcome, or impression.

This grammar point appears frequently in news reports, formal essays, and polished writing. If you want to explain that a situation is intensified because multiple elements work in tandem, (あい)まって is an essential pattern for achieving natural, sophisticated Japanese.

When two forces work together, the result is more than the sum of their parts — that’s the essence of と(あい)まって.

What does と(あい)まって mean?

Use (あい)まって when you want to express that multiple conditions, qualities, or circumstances interact and make a result stronger, more noticeable, or more extreme.

Natural translations include:

  • together with…, more; because of the influence of…, more ~
  • coupled with…, all the more; combined with…, even more

The best translation depends on the sentence. Try to notice the writer’s focus—are they highlighting the synergy or the amplified effect itself? Then choose the English phrase that feels most accurate.

How to form と(あい)まって

(あい)まって attaches to a noun. The structure is flexible, often listing two contributing factors.

Noun + (あい)まって
Noun A + + Noun B + とが(あい)まって
Noun + (あい)まって (emphasising “also”)

Examples of the pattern:

  • 実力(じつりょく)(うん)(あい)まって
  • 美しい(うつくしい)景色(けしき)(あい)まって
  • (かれ)誠実(せいじつ)(あい)まって

The grammar point itself is invariable, but the preceding noun defines the source of the synergy. In JLPT N1 questions, they often test whether you can identify that the pattern requires a noun before it.

When is と(あい)まって used?

Use (あい)まって in situations like:

  • describing how two conditions together create an unexpected or powerful result
  • explaining why an event, feeling, or impression was especially strong
  • providing nuanced reasoning in formal statements, critiques, or analyses

Tone and register:

  • Formal, slightly literary. You’ll rarely hear it in casual daily chat, but it’s common in essays, business documents, and news commentary.
  • It carries a tone of thoughtful observation rather than raw emotion.

(あい)まって example sentences

天候てんこうわるさと交通こうつう渋滞じゅうたいとがあいまって、到着とうちゃくおおはばおくれた。
The bad weather coupled with the traffic jam caused the arrival to be significantly delayed.
negative outcome
彼女かのじょ才能さいのう努力どりょくとがあいまって、世界的せかいてき成功せいこうおさめた。
Her talent combined with hard work led to worldwide success.
positive synergy
しずかな雰囲気ふんいき心地ここちよい音楽おんがくとがあいまって、素晴すばらしい時間じかんごせた。
The quiet atmosphere together with the pleasant music made for a wonderful time.
pleasant experience
景気けいき低迷ていめい円高えんだかとがあいまって、輸出ゆしゅつ企業きぎょう業績ぎょうせき悪化あっかしている。
The economic slump together with the strong yen is worsening the performance of export companies.
economic context
その歌手かしゅ独特どくとくこえ歌詞かしとがあいまって、ひとこころふかうごかす。
The singer’s unique voice together with the lyrics deeply moves the listener’s heart.
emotional impact

After reading each sentence, ask what job (あい)まって is doing: it explains that the result is stronger because of the combination of factors. That makes the nuance easier to recall than memorising a single English equivalent.

Nuance of と(あい)まって

The key nuance is synergy: two (or more) elements interact to produce an effect greater than either one alone. This goes beyond simple addition; the grammar implies that the outcome would have been less extreme or less noticeable without the pairing.

This nuance matters because learners sometimes mistake (あい)まって for a simple cause-and-result pattern like “because of A, B happened.” However, (あい)まって insists that both A and a second factor (explicit or implied) work together.

For example:

  • (かれ)実力(じつりょく)だけでもすごいが、それ(あい)まって人柄(ひとがら)()さがさらに評価(ひょうか)高め(たかめ)た。 (Even just his ability is impressive, but together with his good personality the assessment rose further.)
  • Notice how the sentence could have stopped after the first factor, but the addition with (あい)まって pushes the evaluation even higher.
📌
Implicit second factor: Sometimes the first factor is given with と(あい)まって, and the “amplified” result itself is described without restating the combination. Context still makes the synergy clear: 景気(けいき)後退(こうたい)(あい)まって、失業(しつぎょう)(りつ)過去(かこ)最悪(さいあく)になった (Together with the recession, the unemployment rate hit a record high — the recession and presumably other structural issues together caused the peak).

(あい)まって vs とあって

Both (あい)まって and とあって can link a situation to a result, but they operate with different logic.

(あい)まって
Two factors combine to amplify an effect
Use when multiple elements together produce a heightened outcome. The focus is on the synergy itself.
(かれ)努力どりょく環境かんきょうとがあいまって、おおきな成長せいちょうげた。
His effort combined with his environment led to significant growth.
vs
とあって
Because it is such a special condition, naturally…
Use when a reason (a notable trait, rare event) makes a result expected or inevitable. There’s no need for a second factor.
(かれ)天才てんさいだとあって、だれもが敬意けいいはらう。
Because he’s a genius, everyone treats him with respect.

If you can rephrase the sentence with “simply because,” you likely want とあって. If you need to mention that a second ingredient was essential for the extra punch, (あい)まって is the right call.

Common mistakes with と(あい)まって

天気(てんき)悪い(わるい)(あい)まって、遅刻(ちこく)した。
天気(てんき)(わる)さと渋滞(じゅうたい)とが(あい)まって、遅刻(ちこく)した。
Attach the pattern to a noun, not a clause. “天気(てんき)悪い(わるい)” is an adjective clause; you need “天気(てんき)(わる)さ” (a noun) or “悪天候(あくてんこう)”.
(かれ)才能(さいのう)(あい)まって、成功(せいこう)した。
(かれ)才能(さいのう)努力(どりょく)とが(あい)まって、成功(せいこう)した。
The pattern implies at least two factors. If only one is stated, the sentence feels incomplete—the reader wonders, “What else?” Make the combination explicit or provide enough context to make it clear.
景気(けいき)悪い(わるい)(あい)まって、失業(しつぎょう)(りつ)上がっ(あがっ)ている。
景気(けいき)低迷(ていめい)産業(さんぎょう)構造(こうぞう)変化(へんか)とが(あい)まって、失業(しつぎょう)(りつ)上がっ(あがっ)ている。
In formal writing, avoid a vague “と(あい)まって.” Name the second contributor even if it seems obvious; it demonstrates analytical precision.

Is と(あい)まって on the JLPT?

Yes. (あい)まって is a staple of JLPT N1 grammar lists.

N1

Test sections: Language Knowledge (Grammar) · Reading

Frequency: Moderate – appears several times across official workbooks and past papers.

Typical question: Choose the correct particle/noun combination to complete a complex sentence, or identify the sentence where the grammar is used naturally.

For the exam, focus on the noun-before-the-pattern rule and the need for a compound cause. Remember that questions often disguise the second factor inside a long noun phrase.

Practice questions for と(あい)まって

1
Write a sentence using と(あい)まって to describe how a restaurant’s delicious food and beautiful view together made your evening special.
daily life
2
Use と(あい)まって in a business context: explain why a product’s low price and clever design led to record sales.
formal
3
Create a sentence that contrasts と(あい)まって with とあって—describe the same situation twice, once with each pattern, and note how the nuance shifts.
comparison
4
Think of a famous person or character. Write a sentence where their talent and something else (luck, timing, personality) combine via と(あい)まって to explain their success.
creative

Keep your first attempts simple. Once the structure feels natural, expand the sentence with adjectives and subordinate clauses to build the context.

Learning path for と(あい)まって

1
Internalise the form – Write five noun+と(あい)まって phrases without looking. Ensure you always attach it to a noun, not a clause.
2
Contrast with とあって – Pick three situations and try to explain them with both patterns. Notice that と(あい)まって demands at least two contributing factors, while とあって works with just one special quality.
3
Read real examples – Skim Japanese news articles or reviews; と(あい)まって appears often in analyses of trends, product reviews, and cultural commentary. Highlight every instance you find.
4
Write a short paragraph – Compose a mini-essay (3–4 sentences) explaining why a book, movie, or place left a strong impression on you. Use と(あい)まって at least twice to link multiple qualities.
  • とあって – because it also links a condition to a result, but without the synergy of multiple factors
  • とあれば – because it sets up a hypothetical situation leading to a reaction, useful for comparing conditional vs. combination logic
  • とばかりに – because it expresses “as if to say” or an implicit judgement, showing how manner can blend with causality
  • といえども – because it acknowledges a concession, contrasting with the amplifying function of と(あい)まって

Learn と(あい)まって with Hane

If you want to review (あい)まって together with the patterns above, Hane helps you practise Japanese in short, focused sessions where each grammar point is drilled in context.

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FAQ about と相まって

What does と相まって mean in Japanese?

と相まって means “together with..., more; because of the influence of..., more ~” in Japanese. It is an N1 grammar point, and this lesson explains its formation, nuance, example sentences, common mistakes, and similar grammar.

Is と相まって on the JLPT?

と相まって is taught as N1 Japanese grammar in Hane's grammar lesson archive. Review it with examples, usage notes, and related N1 patterns.

How should I practice と相まって?

Read several example sentences, identify the form before and after と相まって, then make your own short sentences and compare it with nearby grammar points.

Practice this with Hane
Drill と相まって until it’s automatic.

Short, focused iOS sessions for grammar, kanji, vocabulary, reading, and JLPT review. Use this lesson with the JLPT prep app and the Japanese learning app overview.

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